Taiwan Security Monitor

Taiwan Affairs Office: Lai Ching-te’s retrograde actions will inevitably face a backlash from public opinion.

At the January 28 press conference of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council, a reporter asked: Recently, Taiwan’s legislative body convened a review hearing on the “impeachment case against Lai Ching-te.” Lai Ching-te refused to attend and give explanations, and was sharply criticized by Kuomintang and Taiwan People’s Party legislators as being “arrogant and guilty,” “contemptuous of public opinion,” and “derelict in duty, incompetent, and unethical.” What is your comment?

TAO spokesperson Zhang Han responded that Lai Ching-te stubbornly adheres to a “Taiwan independence” separatist stance and, in pursuit of political self-interest, disregards the people’s livelihood and well-being on the island. He has repeatedly manipulated the judicial system to strike at political opponents, trampled on and obstructed democratic freedoms, and attempted to implement what was described as “green authoritarian rule.” These actions seriously run counter to mainstream public opinion on the island and will inevitably invite a backlash from public opinion.

Taiwan Affairs Office: The Democratic Progressive Party authorities’ hype about the “cybersecurity risks” of mainland apps is driven by sinister motives.

At the January 28 press conference of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council, a reporter asked: Taiwanese media have reported that, in order to so-called “prevent minors from accessing age-inappropriate content and potential cybersecurity risks,” Taiwan’s “Ministry of Digital Affairs” has for the first time proposed a list of high cybersecurity-risk apps, which includes TikTok, Weibo, WeChat, Xiaohongshu, and Baidu Cloud, and has provided it to the education authorities for reference. What is your comment on this?

TAO spokesperson Zhang Han responded that the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) authorities’ hype about so-called “cybersecurity risks” of mainland applications is driven by sinister motives. By doing so, they are depriving the people of Taiwan—especially young people—of their right to know and their freedom to use social media platforms, cutting off channels for cross-Strait exchanges, and deliberately stirring up the so-called “resist China, protect Taiwan” narrative. What this exposes is their inner fear and “unease.”

He said that the DPP authorities’ arbitrary behavior will inevitably backfire on them. Their retrograde actions cannot stop the popular trend among the people of Taiwan—especially young people—to learn about the mainland and to come to know and grow closer to their compatriots there.

Weekly Security Review: 1/26/26

Author: Jaime Ocon

Welcome to the Weekly Security Review, where we highlight key military, security, and political developments around Taiwan in one straightforward summary!

This week, Taiwan unveils details of its record-breaking supplemental defense budget, Washington and Taipei deepen industrial cooperation with a new joint ammunition-testing site, and Chinese forces intensify grey-zone patrols around the country.

Taiwan’s Defense Ministry Discloses Details of Record Supplemental Budget

Taiwan’s Ministry of National Defense (MND) delivered a classified special briefing on the NT$1.25 trillion (US$40 billion) special defense budget to the LY’s Foreign Affairs and National Defense Committee on 19 January. After that briefing, Minister of National Defense Wellington Koo revealed that Taiwan’s military is planning to procure seven categories of weapons systems: precision artillery, long-range strike missiles, air defense and anti-armor missiles, AI-assisted systems, and C5ISR capabilities.

Here is a complete list:

  1. Artillery
    1. M109A7 Paladin Self-Propelled Howitzers: 60 units
    2. Precision Guidance Ammunition  Kits: 4,080 rounds
    3. M992A3 Carrier Ammunition Tracked Vehicles: 60 units
    4. M88A2 Recovery Vehicles: 13 units
    5. Howitzer and Associated Equipment
  1. Long-Range Precision Strike Systems
    1. High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems (HIMARS): 82 launchers
    2. Guided Multiple Launch Rocket System Rocket Pods: 1,203 (756 unitary pods, 447 alternative cluster pods)
    3. Army Tactical Missile System (ATACMS) Missiles: 420
  1. Unmanned Platforms and Counter-UAS Systems
    1. ALTIUS-700M Loitering Munitions: 1,554 units
    2. ALTIUS-600 ISR Systems: 478 units
    3. Various drones: ~200,000 units, including littoral surveillance and  littoral attack (submersible, bombing, and loitering) types
    4. Unmanned Surface Vessels (USVs): Over 1,000 vessels
    5. Counter-UAS Systems: Various types
  1. Air Defense and Anti-Armor Capabilities
    1. Javelin Anti-Tank missiles: 70 launchers, 1,050 missiles
    2. TOW-2B missiles: 24 launchers, 1,545 missiles
    3. Various Air Defense Missile Systems (including ammunition)
  1. AI Support and C5ISR
    1. AI-Enabled Decision Support Systems
    2. Tactical Network and Rapid Intelligence Sharing Applications
  1. Enhancing Combat Sustainability
    1. Wartime High-Consumption Armament Production Expansion: Establishment or expansion of production lines for ammunition, propellant charges, small-arms primers, new armored vehicle assembly, high-explosives, protective chemical masks, and night-vision devices.
    2. Related Mobile Obstruction Equipment: To enhance battlefield denial capabilities.
    3. Critical Ammunition Procurement: 120mm tank rounds, 105mm tank rounds, 30mm autocannon rounds, 155mm propellant charges, and high-explosives.
  1. Taiwan–U.S. Joint Development and Procurement Cooperation
    1. Acquisition of emerging technology systems to enhance operational resilience and strengthen asymmetric warfare capabilities.

Defense Minister Wellington Koo oversees the first ROCA HIMARS battalion.

The special budget, officially referred to as the Special Act for the Procurement Program to Strengthen Defense Resilience and Asymmetric Capabilities, provides appropriations worth NT$1.25 trillion (US$40 billion) to fund various U.S. weapon systems and equipment. Back in November, Taiwan’s MND and the ruling Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) managed to pass this bill, separate from the general budget, through the Executive Yuan. However, there have been six attempts to pass the finalized act in the LY, all shut down by the opposition Kuomintang (KMT) and Taiwan People’s Party (TPP) due to a lack of oversight and demands that President Lai Ching-te provide more information on the budget’s content. Opposition lawmakers have been quite stern with their demands, declaring that they will not vote on the spending plans until Lai briefs the LY and responds to questions. President Lai continues to label these requests as unconstitutional, citing a 2024 Constitutional Court ruling that declared an opposition-backed legal revision, which would have mandated the President provide real-time responses to lawmakers’ questions, as unlawful.

Minister of National Defense Wellington Koo has already answered questions from the LY, and the MND says the spending plan would help construct a comprehensive defense system to build a “Taiwan Shield.” While a significant portion would be used to pay for U.S. weapon systems, another part of the special budget would introduce advanced technology and AI to accelerate Taiwan’s kill chain. MND officials also stated that it needs those funds to strengthen the domestic defense industry and develop a “non-red” (non-China-dependent) supply chain.

On top of that, in December, more than $11 billion in U.S. arms and equipment was approved for sale, and it is still unclear whether Taiwan needs these funds to start paying for that package.

If you’re interested in the status of U.S. arms sales to Taiwan, check out our Taiwan Arms Sales Backlog for a complete overview of publicly available data.

ROCMC units use a Javelin system during the Han Kuang exercises in 2025.

AIT, INDSR Announce Joint Medium-Caliber Ammunition Testing and Production Site

The Director of the American Institute in Taiwan (AIT), Raymond Greene, revealed that U.S. defense contractor Northrop Grumman has established a “medium-caliber ammunition test range” in Taiwan. AIT is the de facto embassy in Taiwan and manages all unofficial relationships between the two sides. Director Greene made the announcement at a forum with the Institute for National Defense and Security Research (INDSR), Taiwan’s top security think-tank, on 22 January. The facility would allow Taiwan’s MND to test ammunition in accordance with global industry standards and, through technology transfer and expert training, advance the country’s indigenous defense research and development projects.

The complete speech is here: https://www.ait.org.tw/speech-by-ait-dir-greene-at-indsr-seminar/

AIT Director, Raymond Greene, speaks at a forum in Taipei.

The announcement is the latest sign of stronger U.S.-Taiwan defense cooperation, as both actors work with Taiwan’s private sector to expand the island’s domestic defense industrial base. Just last week, the head of the MND’s Armaments Bureau said Taiwan’s military has already started working with the U.S. to co-produce 155mm howitzer shells. The MND has stated, “If successful, this will then be expanded to other weapons and munitions.” Other companies, like Anduril, have also announced plans to co-produce low-cost cruise missiles on the island, potentially providing a cheaper, faster way for Taiwan to arm itself.

Various ROC units load ammunition into vehicles and aircraft.

This isn’t the first time Northrop Grumman has invested in Taiwan’s domestic production capabilities; in 2024, it committed to investing US$100 million annually in opportunities for Taiwan to become part of its global supply chain. Northrop Grumman, along with Lockheed Martin and Raytheon, has a long history of supplying Taiwan with weapons and equipment. E-2K Hawkeye early-warning aircraft, APG-83 radar systems for the F-16V fighter jets, and ammunition for 30 mm chain guns mounted on Clouded Leopard armored vehicles are just a few of those systems.

China Sustains Gray-Zone Military and Law Enforcement Operations Around Taiwan

For the 4th time this month, Taiwan’s Coast Guard reported that multiple China Coast Guard vessels entered the restricted waters around Kinmen.

In the morning of 24 January, four Chinese vessels (hull no. 14529, 14605, 14603, and 14533) entered Kinmen’s restricted waters in two-ship formations, one group approaching from the southeast of Liaoluo, the other from south of Lieyu. Taiwan dispatched its own ships and broadcast radio warnings in both Mandarin Chinese and English. Roughly three hours later, the Chinese vessels left the area.

A Taiwanese patrol boat shadows a Chinese Coast Guard ship in the distance near Kinmen.

In an official statement, Taiwan’s Coast Guard Administration (CGA) accused Beijing of repeatedly exploiting false “law enforcement patrols” to justify incursions into Kinmen’s restricted waters. Taiwan’s CGA says China’s maneuvers are “routine harassment” that erodes cross-strait stability and threatens regional peace.

Earlier this week, the PLA Air Force (PLAAF) and PLA Navy (PLAN) also stepped up their presence around Taiwan, sending 23 sorties of various types to conduct a Joint Combat Readiness Patrol. The group of planes, which included PLAAF J-10 fighter jets, H-6K bombers, and KJ-500 Early Warning and Command aircraft, was detected breaching Taiwan’s air defense identification zone (ADIZ) at 1040 on 23 January. 17 out of 23 sorties crossed the median line of the Taiwan Strait and entered the northern, central, and southwestern ADIZ.

Taiwan Security Monitor operates a number of real-time trackers. For more information on PLA and CCG movements, you can find them here.

Taiwan Affairs Office: Strengthening cross-strait economic cooperation and deepening integrated development across the Strait is the right path that accords with the shared interests of compatriots on both sides.

At the January 21 press conference of the State Council Taiwan Affairs Office, a reporter asked: According to statistics from the General Administration of Customs, total cross-strait trade in 2025 reached US$314.33 billion, with mainland exports to Taiwan up 11.2% and the mainland’s imports from Taiwan up 6.0%. Public opinion on the island has analyzed this as fully showing that cross-strait economic cooperation has strong momentum, strong resilience, and great potential. What is your comment? What expectations do you have for the prospects of cross-strait economic exchange and cooperation going forward?

In response, Peng Qing’en, spokesperson for the State Council Taiwan Affairs Office, said: In 2025, despite the adverse impact of the external environment and obstruction and sabotage by the DPP authorities, cross-strait economic and trade exchanges still maintained a steady growth trend. This fully shows that strengthening cross-strait economic cooperation and deepening integrated development across the Strait is the right path that accords with the shared interests of compatriots on both sides, and that any attempt to promote “decoupling and breaking the chain” across the Strait or to weaken cross-strait economic ties runs counter to the trend and is doomed to fail.

Peng Qing’en said: As the mainland economy continues to develop in a sustained and healthy manner during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period, and as high-level opening up and the development of an open economy achieve notable progress, the foundations for cross-strait economic cooperation and integrated development will become even more solid, the areas involved will continue to expand, and the level will continue to rise. This will better benefit compatriots on both sides and help strengthen the Chinese nation’s economy.

Taiwan Affairs Office: The “consensus” reached in U.S.–Taiwan trade negotiations is a letter of capitulation by the DPP authorities to America’s economic bullying.

At the January 21 press conference of the State Council Taiwan Affairs Office, a reporter asked: Recently, after U.S.–Taiwan tariff negotiations concluded, the U.S. Department of Commerce announced that the overall reciprocal tariff rate applied to Taiwanese goods would not exceed 15%. Taiwan’s semiconductor and technology companies will make at least US$250 billion in additional direct investment in the United States, and the Taiwan authorities will also provide at least US$250 billion in credit guarantees. The DPP authorities said the tariff talks with the United States achieved their intended goals, and that the “Taiwan model” has won U.S. support. What is your comment?

In response, Peng Qing’en, spokesperson for the State Council Taiwan Affairs Office, said: The so-called U.S.–Taiwan trade negotiations are in essence the United States using tariffs as a big stick to apply maximum pressure, coercing Taiwan to sharply increase investment in the United States in an attempt to hollow out Taiwan’s advantageous industries. The so-called consensus that was reached is nothing more than a “sell-yourself voucher” by which the DPP authorities sell out the well-being of Taiwan’s people and the interests of industrial development; it is a letter of capitulation that bows and scrapes in the face of economic bullying.

Peng Qing’en said: Next, Taiwan will bear massive investment commitments totaling US$500 billion, and face the major risk of relocating 40% of the semiconductor supply chain to the United States, in exchange for nothing more than a reduction of the already unreasonable so-called “reciprocal tariff” rate from 20% to 15%. Whether this deal is fair or reasonable is obvious to anyone with eyes. But the DPP authorities are not ashamed of this; they take pride in it, trying to deceive Taiwan’s people—beautifying a “smash-the-pot-and-sell-the-iron”-style compromise as an “important breakthrough,” dressing up one-sided bullying as “equal cooperation,” and packaging a complete kneel-down as the “Taiwan model.” By letting the United States strip and carry off Taiwan’s industries and bleed Taiwan’s people dry in this way, such incompetence and shamelessness will only completely ruin Taiwan’s development prospects.

Taiwan Affairs Office: The Lai Ching-te authorities, in order to “seek independence by relying on external forces,” will stop at nothing—even to the point of destroying the roots of Taiwan’s industry.

At the January 21 press conference of the State Council Taiwan Affairs Office, a reporter asked: Recently, when meeting with a visiting delegation from the U.S. state of Arizona, Lai Ching-te said that in recent years the United States has become Taiwan’s largest destination for overseas direct investment. He said he hopes the two sides can sign an agreement to avoid double taxation as soon as possible, to help firms such as TSMC establish a long-term presence in the United States and also create high-paying jobs locally. What is your comment?

In response, Peng Qing’en, spokesperson for the State Council Taiwan Affairs Office, said: The United States has always put “America’s interests first,” is accustomed to wielding a “tariff big stick” to harm others for its own benefit, and the so-called U.S.–Taiwan trade and supply-chain cooperation will only drain Taiwan dry and force Taiwan to sever its own tendons and bones. In Americans’ eyes, Taiwan’s value is not as a “supply-chain partner,” but rather as a “pawn” for “using Taiwan to contain China,” a “cash cow” for the military–industrial complex, and an “ATM” for the reshoring of manufacturing. According to reports, labor costs at TSMC’s U.S. plants are more than twice those at its plants in Taiwan; equipment depreciation costs are as much as four times higher; and gross profit margin is one-eighth that of its plants in Taiwan.

Peng Qing’en said: In order to “seek independence by relying on external forces,” the DPP authorities have time and again fed the tiger with their own flesh, and now want TSMC to substantially increase investment in the United States to create so-called “high-paying jobs” for America. What will be destroyed is only the roots of industry on the island, and what will be chilled is only the hearts of Taiwan’s people.

Taiwan Affairs Office: The “1992 Consensus” is the political foundation of cross-strait relations and the stabilizing anchor for peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait.

At the January 21 press conference of the State Council Taiwan Affairs Office, a reporter asked: Regarding Su Jiaquan’s appointment as chair of the SEF board, a TAO spokesperson previously said that only by recognizing the “1992 Consensus,” which embodies the one-China principle, can the dialogue and communication mechanism between the two organizations resume, and can the SEF perform its proper functions. Taiwan’s Mainland Affairs Council said that when the SEF was established in 1991, the so-called “1992 Consensus” embodying the one-China principle had not yet been “created” by the CCP. What is your comment?

In response, Peng Qing’en, spokesperson for the State Council Taiwan Affairs Office, said: It is impossible for the relevant departments on the Taiwan side not to understand the history of interactions between Taiwan’s SEF and the two organizations, yet they deliberately confuse the public—what are their intentions?

Peng Qing’en said: When the SEF was established, it took as its purpose “Chinese, benevolent, and service-oriented.” In the course of handling practical consultations with the SEF, the ARATS clearly pointed out that the specific issues arising in exchanges between compatriots on both sides of the Strait are China’s internal affairs and should be resolved through consultation based on the one-China principle. On August 1, 1992, the Taiwan authorities issued a “conclusion” on the question of the meaning of “one China” in the course of the SEF and ARATS negotiating practical agreements, confirming that “both sides of the Strait adhere to the principle of one China.” That same year, with authorization from both sides, the two organizations reached a common understanding—through the Hong Kong talks and an exchange of letters and telegrams—each stating orally that “both sides of the Strait adhere to the one-China principle,” later known as the “1992 Consensus.” It was precisely on this basis that the two sides began consultations and negotiations, advanced party-to-party exchanges across the Strait, and opened the path of peaceful development of cross-strait relations, from which compatriots on both sides benefited.

Peng Qing’en pointed out that the “1992 Consensus” clearly defines the nature of cross-strait relations and is the political foundation for the development of cross-strait relations and the stabilizing anchor for peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait. The history of cross-strait relations has repeatedly proven that if the “1992 Consensus” is recognized and the one-China principle upheld, cross-strait relations can improve and develop and Taiwan compatriots can benefit; if the “1992 Consensus” is denied and the one-China principle deviated from, cross-strait relations will become tense and turbulent and the interests of Taiwan compatriots will be harmed.

Taiwan Affairs Office: The outcome of U.S.–Taiwan tariff negotiations fully shows that “Taiwan independence” is a dead end, and outsiders cannot be relied upon.

At the January 21 press conference of the State Council Taiwan Affairs Office, a reporter asked: The United States and Taiwan recently reached a so-called “trade agreement.” In an interview, U.S. Commerce Secretary Lutnick said that this agreement is a “strategic imperative” for the DPP authorities to maintain America’s “goodwill,” rather than a purely commercial transaction; the U.S. goal is to move 40% of Taiwan’s semiconductor supply-chain capacity to the United States during Trump’s term. What is your comment?

In response, Peng Qing’en, spokesperson for the State Council Taiwan Affairs Office, said: The so-called “trade agreement” reached between the United States and Taiwan is, in essence, external forces and “Taiwan independence” separatist forces colluding with each other. It is a “selling-oneself contract” that seizes the hard-earned money of Taiwan’s people and hollows out the foundations of Taiwan’s industries, and it damages the future of Taiwan’s people and industries.

Peng Qing’en said: The huge investment of US$500 billion is about 80% of Taiwan’s foreign exchange reserves, and is equivalent to having every person in Taiwan put up NT$680,000 as a political “donation” to the DPP authorities’ effort to “seek independence by relying on external forces.” If 40% of semiconductor capacity is transferred to the United States, Taiwan’s core industrial advantage will vanish, and the “technology island” will become a “hollow island.” The DPP authorities are doing their utmost to cover up the painful price Taiwan is paying; using the hard-earned money of people on the island to curry favor with the United States—selling out Taiwan and bringing disaster on Taiwan—nothing could be worse.

Peng Qing’en said: The outcome of U.S.–Taiwan tariff negotiations fully proves that “Taiwan independence” is a dead end and that outsiders cannot be relied upon. Without a strong motherland as backing, Taiwan can only become a piece of fat meat in the eyes of external forces, and a lamb to be slaughtered at will.

Taiwan Affairs Office: The DPP authorities repeatedly direct military intelligence agencies and online troll forces to carry out cyberattacks against the mainland.

At the January 21 press conference of the State Council Taiwan Affairs Office, a reporter asked: The DPP authorities recently released a so-called “report,” claiming that in 2025 the mainland carried out “comprehensive hacking intrusions” targeting key critical infrastructure on the island. What is your comment?

In response, Peng Qing’en, spokesperson for the State Council Taiwan Affairs Office, said: The DPP authorities are accustomed to fabricating rumors, making false accusations, and smearing the mainland. They do not hesitate to escalate cross-strait confrontation and antagonism in order to cover up their own inability to govern, divert public dissatisfaction with them, and seek political self-interest.

Peng Qing’en said: In fact, the DPP authorities repeatedly direct military intelligence agencies and cyber troops to carry out cyberattacks and sabotage against the mainland, and to disseminate and spread illegal and harmful information. According to statistics, in 2025 the relevant departments investigated and handled nearly 4,000 cyberattack incidents originating from the Taiwan direction, an increase of 25% compared with 2024. Their actions have focused on conducting attacks and stealing secrets in important industry sectors on the mainland such as transportation, finance, science and technology, and energy. Relevant departments previously have already uncovered and made public the criminal facts of cyberattacks carried out against the mainland by such involved organizations as Taiwan’s military “Psychological Warfare Brigade,” Taiwan Wangshi Research & Creative Art Company, and “Anonymous 64.” The DPP authorities’ so-called “report” is, in every sense, a case of a thief feeling guilty and turning right and wrong upside down.

Taiwan Affairs Office: The “Taiwan independence” accomplices and henchmen who persecute mainland spouses will be held legally accountable in accordance with the law and severely punished without leniency.

At the January 21 press conference of the State Council Taiwan Affairs Office, a reporter asked: A mainland spouse recently posted online saying she “hopes reunification happens soon, so she can write simplified characters.” Some officials on the island said that if such mainland spouses want to apply for permanent residency in the future, they will be subject to strict scrutiny, and it will not be the case that they can obtain citizenship simply because the time requirement has been met. In addition, Taiwan’s “National Immigration Agency” recently revoked the Taiwan residency permit of the mainland-spouse influencer “Guan Guan” because she had posted remarks online such as “let the red flag be planted all over Taiwan.” What is your comment on this?

In response, Peng Qing’en, spokesperson for the State Council Taiwan Affairs Office, said: For some time now, the DPP authorities, driven by their “Taiwan independence” nature, have wantonly infringed upon the rights and interests of mainland spouses, suppressing and bullying the mainland-spouse group, stopping at nothing. This has seriously undermined the peaceful lives of cross-strait marriage families and seriously harmed the legitimate rights and interests of the cross-strait marriage community, and we strongly condemn this. As for the “Taiwan independence” accomplices and henchmen who persecute mainland spouses, we will pursue legal accountability in accordance with the law and severely punish them without leniency.